ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) poses a challenge to hospitals for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. As the main battlefield of preventing and controlling COVID-19, large public hospitals should develop service protocols of diagnosis and treatment for outpatient, emergency, hospitalization, surgery, and discharge. The construction of medical protocols should be based on the risk factors of key points and focused on pre-inspection triage and screening, to establish a rapid response mechanism to deal with exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Implementation of all-staff training and assessment, strengthening the information system, and use of medical internet service are important. This study explores the construction of medical protocols in large public hospitals during the pandemic, and provides a reference for the orderly diagnosis and treatment in hospitals during the pandemic.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
In a world where demand and supply can change instantaneously as demonstrated by the recent coronavirus pandemic, it is very important for our production lines to be able to handle abrupt changes very effectively. Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are designed to be able to ramp production up and down quickly to make this possible. In this paper, we propose a novel data-enabled method of modelling an FMS using mobile multi-skilled robots and evaluate its dynamic performance. We use permanent production loss as the performance metric and derive expressions for its evaluation and attribution and validate them using ctwo case studies. (C) 2022 Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still a lack of miracle drugs for treatment. Repurposing drugs such as Remdesivir and corticosteroids to treat COVID-19 are being studied. Traditional Chinese medicine was widely used during the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus infection in China in 2003. It was found that standard medical treatment combined with Chinese medicine treatment may improve the symptoms of SARS patients and speeding resolution of lung infiltration. The commonly used prescriptions for preventing the coronavirus infection are Sangjuyin plus Yupingfeng powder. Various Traditional Chinese medicines with potential to fight SARS-CoV-2 include Liquorice Root and Rhizome, Rhubarb, Heartleaf Houttuynia Herb, Indi-gowoad Root, Tangerine Peel, Scutellaria Root, and Red Sage Root and Rhizome etc. In addition, Chinese patent medicines including Shuanghuanglian Oral liquid, Lianhua Qingwen Capsule, Jinhua Qinggan Granule and Taiwan Chingguan Yihau are recognized as plausible agents for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia. The antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of selected Chinese herbal drugs may attribute to their inhibiting the binding of the coronavirus spike protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, inhibiting key enzymes such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease and ribonucleic acid (RNA)- dependent RNA polymerase during viral replication, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Since most of the relevant studies mentioned the potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of these agents were only in vitro and animal experiments, more randomized double-blind controlled trials are needed to provide reliable evidence of clinical efficacy in future.
ABSTRACT
The Corona Virus Disease 2019 COVID-19 is highly infectious and pathogenic, posing a serious threat to public safety. Rapid and accurate detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 is key to the epidemic control. The existing detection and diagnosis methods are mainly based on nucleic acid tests or manual diagnosis using medical images. However, nucleic acid tests are time-consuming and require special test boxes, while the manual diagnosis relies heavily on professional knowledge, takes longer time for analysis and often fail to detect concealed lesions. Since then, with the development of X-ray and Computer Tomography CT image datasets, researchers have built many deep learning-based COVID-19 detection and diagnosis models which effectively assist medical experts in the efficient diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. This paper lists the mainstream image datasets for the detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 and related evaluation metrics. Then, it introduces the existing deep learning-based models for COVID-19 diagnosis from the perspectives of the model task and the image data type, and on this basis compares and analyzes the detection performance of the models in six different dimensions: Backbone network, data sets, image types, model performance, classification task types and park opening situation. In addition, this paper introduces the excellent application systems used to fight against COVID-19, and discusses the development trend of the studies in this field. © 2021, Editorial Office of Computer Engineering. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) poses a challenge to hospitals for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. As the main battlefield of preventing and controlling COVID-19, large public hospitals should develop service protocols of diagnosis and treatment for outpatient, emergency, hospitalization, surgery, and discharge. The construction of medical protocols should be based on the risk factors of key points and focused on pre-inspection triage and screening, to establish a rapid response mechanism to deal with exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Implementation of all-staff training and assessment, strengthening the information system, and use of medical internet service are important. This study explores the construction of medical protocols in large public hospitals during the pandemic, and provides a reference for the orderly diagnosis and treatment in hospitals during the pandemic. © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The novel coronavirus pneumonia is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has been widely spread worldwide. At present, the situation of novel coronavirus epidemic prevention and control in China is still bleak. Waste disposal for the novel coronavirus should be standardized, a necessary measure for avoiding the re-spread of novel coronavirus and preventing secondary disasters. The management and disposal of medical waste is increasingly valued worldwide. International organizations represented by WHO are actively providing developing countries with comprehensive medical waste management and disposal systems to protect the health and environmental safety of people in more countries. The current investigation has found that there may be novel coronavirus in the medical waste. If the medical waste generated from the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia patients is not properly disposed of, it is likely to cause the novel pneumonia epidemic to break out again. Effective management of medical waste disposal related to novel coronavirus pneumonia is an essential requirement for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia in medical waste disposal institutions. According to the types and hazards of medical waste and the characteristics of medical waste disposal, specific control measures are put forward for the management of the premises, personnel management, disposal of medical wastes, and emergency management. © 2021 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, the existence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the air and objects surface has been proved, how to detect the novel coronavirus effectively and accurately has become the current focus. a detection method for new coronavirus in environmental sample should be established to provide basis for the protection and disinfection of novel coronavirus in the future. Methods: Environmental samples were collected primarily from isolation rooms for COVID-19 patients. In the environmental samples, the air samples are collected by bioaerosol samplers. For objects surface samples, a cotton swab was moistened with the collection liquid, and then used to wipe the surface of the object once. Results: In total, we collected 46 air samples, one of these samples' testing results was positive, which from the corridor closed to isolation rooms, and 107 object surface samples, four of these samples' testing results were positive and three were weak positive which from bathroom in the isolation rooms. Conclusions: The detection method of the novel coronavirus in environmental samples was established successfully, which provides a basis for environmental disinfection and control of the spread of new coronavirus pneumonia. And this indicated that medical staff should strengthen personal protection, strictly implement infection prevention control measures. © 2021 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.